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Image credit: Allies Interactive Services Pvt. Ltd./Shutterstock.com

The Globalist Quiz > Global Health
Contraception Counts
 

By The Globalist | Saturday, October 13, 2012
 

The health, social and economic benefits of contraceptive use are substantial, according to medical and economic research. And yet many women in developing countries who want to avoid pregnancy are not using effective, modern methods of contraception. We wonder: How many women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in the developing world have an unmet need for contraception?


Answers:

A. 645 million
B. 222 million
C. 80 million
D. 291,000

A. 645 million is not correct.

As of 2012, an estimated 645 million women of reproductive age in the developing world — or 75% of the total of about 870 million — are using modern contraceptive methods.

The health gains are significant. The current level of contraceptive use prevents 218 million unintended pregnancies each year. That, in turn, averts 55 million unplanned births, 138 million abortions (40 million of which would have been performed under unsafe conditions), 25 million miscarriages and 118,000 pregnancy-related deaths, according to research conducted by the Guttmacher Institute and the UN Population Fund (UNFPA).

In addition to health gains, empowering women to prevent unintended pregnancies has broader benefits. They range from increased education for women and better child health to greater family savings, more stable societies and ultimately stronger national economies.

B. 222 million is correct.

An estimated 222 million women in developing countries have an unmet need for contraception. If all these women were using modern methods of contraception, unintended pregnancies would decline by two-thirds, from 80 million to 26 million. This reduction would result in 26 million fewer abortions, 21 million fewer unplanned births and seven million fewer miscarriages.

Fully meeting the need for modern contraceptive methods in the developing world would cost $4.1 billion per year, with this expenditure being shared among national governments, donor agencies and households. However, this investment would reduce the cost of maternal and newborn health services by roughly $5.7 billion, resulting in a significant net savings.

In addition, significant additional economic gains from better education levels reached by women and better child health would be realized later on.

C. 80 million is not correct

In 2012, an estimated 80 million unintended pregnancies will occur in the developing world. Pregnancies that occur too early or too late in a woman's life, or that follow too soon after a previous one, can have negative health effects for both mother and baby.

Unintended pregnancies can also interfere with a young woman's education or job training — potentially condemning her and her family to a lifetime of poverty.

The unmet need for modern contraceptives is much higher in some regions of the world than others. It is highest in Africa, where the proportion of women with a need for modern contraceptive methods ranges from 50% to 81%. This compares with 34% in South Asia and 22% in Latin America and the Caribbean.

D. 291,000 is not correct.

In 2012, an estimated 291,000 women in developing countries are expected to die from pregnancy-related causes — and 104,000 of these pregnancies will have been unintended.

Unsafe abortion is one of the four leading causes of maternal death. Every year, 47,000 women die from complications of unsafe abortion — and virtually all of these deaths occur in developing countries with highly restrictive laws. Five million more women suffer health complications, some serious and permanent.

Most maternal deaths are preventable — including by helping all women have the information and services they need to prevent an unintended pregnancy and its often serious health consequences.


Editor's note: This Globalist Quiz is based on data provided by the Guttmacher Institute.
















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